Palette of the past

 Unveiling the world of Indian Art: Mithila Painting

In the heart of rural India lies the art forms that weaves the tale of love, marriage, nature, and its cultural heritage. Found in the Mithila region of Bihar, where vibrant tradition blends seamlessly with the rhythm of everyday life, is India's ancient artistry. So, let's begin the journey of art forms and stroll through Mithila's painting treasures. Starting with the art of vivid colors known as "Kohbar Painting," also famous as "Kohbar Ghar." 

Kohbar Style

This art depicts fertility. At the heart of Kohbar's painting are the stories it tells. Each art narrates a unique narrative, often portraying scenes from Hindu mythology or local folklore. The most common theme is the depiction of the wedding ceremony. "Kho" means room, and "Var" means groom. "Kohbar" refers to the decorated chamber where the bride and groom spend their first wedding night together. This chamber stands out with its vibrant aspect compared to the other parts of the house. 

The Maithil community's roots are deeply ingrained with this art form, bringing color and symbolism to the auspicious rituals of the marriage. Traditionally, the artists used natural pigments made from plants, flowers, and minerals, scenting with symbolic significance. Each stroke infused the artwork with meaning. One of the remarkable aspects of Kohbar's painting is that it's matriarchal in depiction. Mathil women would adorn the walls of their houses and pass them on to their daughters as generational wealth.

Bharni Style

Bharni painting, an ancient art form that originated in the Mithila region of Bihar, is a lesser-known gem in the treasure trove of Indian folk art. Its name, "Bharni," translates to "filled" in Hindi. Unlike Mithila counterparts, Bharni relies on simplicity and minimalism. This art form depicts Hindu deities and their historical contribution to Indian mythology. During the early period, art forms like Bharni and Tantrik styles were done by Brahmin women of India and Nepal.

Tantrik  Style

As we've discussed earlier, the Tantrik Style of painting found its prominence in the enchanting realms of Bihar and Nepal. Yet, what truly makes it stand out amongst its artistic counterparts? The secret lies in its enigmatic and mystical essence. The centric use of colors and symmetry catches the eye of the viewers. It's a style that portrays classical texts in a precise manner, capturing the very essence of Hindu mythology. Gazing upon Tantrik paintings, one can't help but be drawn into a meditative daze, as they possess a quality that beckons the soul.

Katchni style

Within the tapestry of Kayastha community lies a cherished traditional art form called Katchni Painting. Originated in the Madhubani region, Katchni painting has made its name for its intricate design. While Katchni paintings encompass various themes, they are best known for their visual ode to the natural world, portraying animals, flowers, and other earthly wonders. This art form also has unique palette of monochromes. 

Godna style

The word "Godna" itself evokes the imagery of tattoos etched onto. In the early days, while the upper caste community dabbled in the traditions of Katchni and Bharni styles, the lower caste found their artistic muse in the native women of the village, the "nattins." 

Despite their creative spirits, societal constraints formed on the basis of status forbade them from infusing their art and showcasing them. Hence, they decorated their house with the inspiration found in geometric forms and the nature. Within the strokes and lines of Godna paintings emerged a vivid reflection of everyday life in rural Mithila. It often depicts scenes such as farming, fishing, and traditional celebrations. Imbued with the spirit of simplicity and earthiness.

Madhubani art is more than just a visual feast for the eyes it's a celebration of tradition, culture, and storytelling. These art form still continues to captivate the world with its cultural beauty. From the simple monochromes to intricate detailing, from its native touch to mystical symbolism and from its representation of daily expressions to its festive depiction of wedding celebrations, Madhubani art has successfully exhibited the depth of Mithila culture.